What does refraction refer to in signal processing?

Refraction in signal processing refers to the redirection of a signal wave as it passes through different mediums with varying properties, such as changes in density or temperature. This phenomenon occurs when a wave encounters a boundary between two mediums, causing the wave to change its speed and direction. The angle at which the wave enters the new medium influences how significantly the wave is redirected.

Understanding refraction is crucial in fields like telecommunications and radar, where signal paths can be affected by atmospheric conditions or obstacles, potentially altering how effectively information is transmitted. In this context, the redirection can lead to important effects like improved signal clarity or altered coverage areas, impacting overall communication effectiveness.